Cbd Topicals For Skincare And Beauty
Posted on: April 4, 2022 /
Many consumers report CBD offers significant relief from pain and inflammation. CBD has few side effects and seems to work especially well in topical form. While most commonly found in a tincture or capsule, many brands offer CBD in a salve or cream for application to the skin. You can even find CBD topicals in drug stores and other brick and mortar stores. The reason full-spectrum is used in topical products is to create what’s called the “entourage effectâ€, which makes the benefits of CBD a lot more potent.
The main star of this cream, manuka honey, originates in New Zealand and is produced by bees that pollinate the native manuka bush. This honey contains several specialty compounds that set it apart from traditional honey, and it has been used throughout history for a wide variety of skincare uses. This CBD is sourced from sustainably grown, American industrial hemp and all products are manufactured in-house. The all-new, luxurious CBD skincare brand made with real Colorado hemp.
CBD creams direct the nourishing benefits of CBD right to where they’re needed. Create an oasis in the bath with two unique and equally amazing experiences. The Calm Bomb’s lavender aroma is great for relaxation and winding down the day. The Boost Bomb’s citrus aroma can clear your mind and boost energy. Using cannabidiol oils will also bring more zen and relaxation back into your life. Start by rubbing CBD oil from your temples and work your way from the back down to your toes.
50 mg of CBD isolate, natural ingredients, and organic fruit extracts are packed into a compact and convenient container. This deep soothing and relieving GMP-certified CBD Balm was formulated by doctors and designed specifically to reward individuals with much-needed relief from muscle aches and joint soreness. Your CBD makeup won’t do you much good if it’s in amounts too small to be effective.
CBD, or cannabidiol, isa non-psychoactive compound found in cannabis plants that have been known to relieve a variety of stresses, beit physical or mental. It works by connecting to your endocannabinoid system, which helps your cells achieve homeostasis, improving health functions throughout the body. Talk to your dermatologist.If you’re battling a skin condition, CBD products may fit in your treatment regimen. Talk to your dermatologist about if and how it would fit with your current protocol, especially if you’re currently managing a skin condition. Know what CBD is.Jacknin says that she’s seen “cannabis sativa oil†marketed in stores as CBD oil. While hemp oil is where CBD is extracted from, hemp oil itself has a very minuscule amount of CBD in it,†she says.
The bundle consists of one CBDol CBD Topical Salve, one CBD Vape Pen, and one Full Spectrum CBD Tincture. The 500mg salve can be applied to sore muscles to help relieve the pain and ease the tension of the body. The 200mg CBD Vape Pen comes in refreshing Grape flavor and aids in relaxation. Lastly, the 2500mg 30ml Full-Spectrum CBD oil can do wonders, especially for overworked individuals who want to shake the tiredness away after a long day. This three-piece discounted bundle is touted for being the post-fight recovery regimen of ADCC World Champion Gordon Ryan. Topicals work by absorbing through the skin, and may assist at the location of application.
Adapted To Different Skin Types And Concerns
If they’re using poor-quality, untested plant extracts, intentionally or not, you could end up with more issues than you bargained for. That’s why it’s essential to investigate your options and choose wisely, look past the high-end packaging, hefty price-tags, and potentially misleading marketing claims. As you browse any selection CBD Oil of products, consider comparing your options based on the following criteria. Our skincare merchandise additionally embody fully different pores and skin-moisturizing components, like shea butter and aloe. Best CBD Lip Balms This serum moreover accommodates apricot oil, basil, eucalyptus, lavender, peppermint, and niaouli.
Once you apply the serum to your problem area, the calming effect will last for up to six hours. If you buy the best CBD cream for pain on the market with high CBD strength, the treatment will be much more effective. Nonetheless, keep in mind that topicals should not be applied to wounds or cut skin. Rubbing CBD cream in an open wound may cause infection and hazardous health consequences.
Dispensaries must meet strict security and safety requirements if they want to sell cannabis and its derivatives. The product has a tell-tale floral scent underlined by refreshing aromas of menthol and pine trees. The cream also adds a nice refreshing sensation to the skin, amplifying the anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and skin-nourishing effects.
CBD cream or lotion prevents dead skin cells buildup which is the main reason for painful and itchy sensations. All our high quality, premium ingredients are natural, and we pride ourselves in having transparent Certificate of Analysis with independent and third party laboratories produced in a cGMP facility. We recommend applying the milk generously once a day, preferably after bath. For local intensive care for extremely dried skin we recommend to combine the milk with CANNEFF ® CBD Gel. Although there is no one recommended strength or dose of CBD, topical products made from hemp vary greatly in how many mg of CBD per ounce they contain, so pay close attention to this.
Charlotte’s Web doesn’t just offer CBD creams, they also offer balms, ointments, pain relief sticks, roll-ons, and sprays. This is a highly reputable company that powers all its products with the gifts of mother nature. They put their trust into the earth, which is why they make all their products with high-quality botanical blends.
Dr. Sanjay Gupta, CNN’s primary medical correspondent, famously altered his position on medical cannabis after meeting her and other families with similar experiences of the benefits of CBD. The hemp strain dramatically reduced the occurrence of seizures in Charlotte, who used to have 300 tonic-clonic seizures weekly. One year after starting regular CBD therapy, Charlotte experienced a seizure 2– 3 times per month. Almost every professional we spoke with agreed that your CBD items ought to be tested by a third party to validate the label’s accuracy.
Skincare issues are particularly treatable with a good CBD cream like this salve from Endoca. Its long-lasting moisturizing effects and fast absorption make it ideal for giving your skin vital … CBD cream has become exceptionally popular among beauty gurus, but what is driving its popularity?
Before yoᥙ spend Êoᥙr exhausting-earned cash ⲟn consÑ–dered one οf thеse merchandise, Ò»ere’s wÒ»at you need to know. While it might seem counterintuitive to use oil to zits inclined pores and pores and pores and skin, hemp oil boasts a comedogenic rating of zero and does not clog pores. However, you’ll be capable of seek for it as a shelf-safe ingredient in several private care merchandise. For the sake of experimentation, I vowed to utilize solely magnificence merchandise made with either CBD or hemp for a gradual week. If you’re seeking one thing to deal with dryness, CBD for Life Pure CBD Hand and Body Massage Lotion ($22; cbdlife.us) is an all-star.
All of their merchandise use full-spectrum oils, giving you the complete advantages the plant has to supply by the use of what’s referred to as the entourage influence. Leef Organics presents an oral tincture, together with topical ache reduction merchandise, a pores and pores and skin oil, and a CBD cleansing soap. “Hemp seed oil additionally acts as an emollient to simple tough cells on the pores and skin’s floor and presents moisturizing advantages,†hе provіdes. However, you’ll be able to search for it as a shelf-secure ingredient in a number of personal care merchandise. The custom continues nicely into the trendy age, as many off-the-shelf lotions rely upon hemp seed oil as a key ingredient. There are hundreds of other chemicals in the cannabis plant, and researchers don’t know what combinations are best.
Most of the reported health benefits of CBD are anecdotal, meaning that people who’ve used CBD products report how it affects them. That doesn’t mean the benefits aren’t real; people really are benefiting from using raw full spectrum cbd oil CBD for all sorts of things. I bought the balm based on Jessica’s Instagram video about acne. I still have small blackheads/milia/clogged pores but my skin has improved dramatically and feels very smooth.
Our CBD products are third-party lab tested to ensure the highest standards of purity and potency, and can act as a great addition to your wellness regimen. Our CBD topical creams provide a reliable, efficient, convenient, and localized alternative to other methods of CBD use. Topical CBD can also work faster since it doesn’t have to travel through the digestive system first. These are all high-quality CBD creams, balms and salves, but you may find you prefer one scent over another.
And because skincare products tend to have complex combinations of ingredients, the effectiveness of a product isn’t necessarily just due to high CBD quantities. We believe that the best skincare formulas allow the ingredients to work together, so a lower dose of CBD might be appropriate when combined with other high-quality ingredients. If you want an incredibly discreet way to enjoy your daily helping of CBD, these skin care products are the perfect choice. These products are not just powerful, and full of botanical goodness, they are also highly portable and incredibly discreet. Not everyone understands CBD like those who use it regularly, and there is still an unfortunate stigma that some people hold towards it.
The ECS does so much for us, including regulating stress, sleep, immune functions, and more. CBD has a wealth of benefits for you, many of which you will discover as you take the product. However, the Food and Drug Administration does prohibit CBD companies from making claims about any health benefits of CBD, as it is not an FDA-approved product.
This company does a good job communicating with you after placing an order. The Cannabidiol Life Body Butter is a wonderful product for moisturization – has a light feel and is absorbed quickly. When the demons are beating at the door I can run a hot bath and drop bath bomb in while it is filling up. Once the tub is ready I just sit back and the tension melts away while soaking. Also, each product must be tested by a 3rd-party FDA-certified lab, if you do not see one offered, RUN.
Users simply pop the top and roll the CBD directly on the affected area. Please note this is not considered a pain-relief cream, but an essential oil-based application. The CBD Facial Serum from Cannabidiol Life is created from natural resources – some of the best oils and organic ingredients available as an anti-aging solution to those who use it. For smooth and shiny lips that are free from cuts, cracks, dry flakes, and inflammation, Cannabidiol Life’s Lip Balm is the perfect nourishing application.
CBD may affect the user’s skin condition because its anti-inflammatory characteristics may stop acne-causing triggers. Aside from that, CBD could heal the skin without causing irritation or any form of effect that can adversely affect the skin. Before you settle for your hemp-derived beauty product, there are some considerations you must have in mind because they’ll help understand the product better.
The purpose of using a topical is usually to localize the CBD to an affected area. When someone is burned and uses CBD, not only are the anti-inflammatory properties at work, but the pain relief and the anti-bacterial properties to prevent any infection. But a big bonus is that CBD can work regenerate the damaged skin cells allowing a victim to heal faster.
CBD’s activities described above are valuable for the cosmetic formulator, as they are applicable for a wide range of cosmetic products. Conditions like eczema and dermatitis will benefit from pain relief and regulation of epidermal proliferation. However, as CBD is extracted from the Cannabis plant, it is often a source of controversy and questions.
All content on Best CBD Oil, corresponding to text Zelmira, graphics, images, and different material, is for informational purposes solely and doesn’t constitute medical recommendation. Many specialists imagine that since topical products do not enter the bloodstream, they’re impossible to trigger a positive drug check outcome when screening for the presence of marijuana/THC. Since there is a tremendous variety of skin oriented CBD products, it’s easy to be confused as to what product is best suited for addressing the various aspects of skin care. The harmful accumulation of ROS is countered in healthy skin by activation of numerous defense mechanisms.
CBD topicals have become popular due to the fact that they’re a natural, safe alternative treatment to prescription drugs and painkillers which can be dangerous and addictive. Elixinol Hemp Balm is a full spectrum CBD balm that is great for all skin types. It’s 100% plant based and packed with ucuuba butter and a suite of all-natural essential oils including copaiba, calendula, grapeseed, and rosemary leaf extract.
The MIC value of BAC was remarkably reduced to at least a 64-fold reduction for MRSA, MRSE and E. Faecalis, when combined with ½ MIC of CBD as compared to MIC of BAC alone. Modulation of the ECS by endocannabinoids and phytocannabinoids in presynaptic neurons in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Sign up for the latest on new products, special offers, and updates about our CBD wellness products. As I mentioned in the intro, there’s been very little research done on the benefits of CBD, and there’s no established scientific doctrine on the consumption of full-spectrum oil vs. CBD isolate.
Use a small amount of each product and see which you like better. Other skin care products, like creams, typically have more oil than water. If you’re looking for the best in CBD self-care and beauty products, we carry a variety of face masks that address individual needs such as those with sensitive skin or acne-prone skin. We also offer a revitalizing jojoba facial serum to moisturize and refresh your skin. Topical CBD is most effective when used to keep and help with skin concerns.
What You Should Know About Eating Hemp Seeds
These are merely some оf the examples of tÒ»e personalized CBD skincare, magnificence аnd magnificence merchandise tÒ»at we аre succesful ß‹f custom-made formulate Ñ–n yοur model. While it could seem counterintuitive to make use of oil to zits prone pores and pores and pores and pores and skin, hemp oil boasts a comedogenic ranking of zero and doesn’t clog pores. CBD, additionally Ònown aÑ• cannabidiol, Ñ–s É‘dded to аdded tÖ… soaps, serums, lotions, É‘nd otÒ»er skincare merchandise fоr Ñ–ts purported properly being benefits. It’s a key ingredient in merchandise similar to shampoos, conditioners, lotions, cleaning soap as its fatty acid content supplies helps to protect our skin and defend moisture. While it might appear counterintuitive to apply oil to zits vulnerable pores and pores and pores and pores and skin, hemp oil boasts a comedogenic rating of zero and doesn’t clog pores. Four strategies to protect youth beauty allueur Thanks to the required fatty acids current in hemp, hemp oil treats irritation and redness with out stripping your pores and pores and skin of its pure oils.
How Does Topical Cbd Work?
You’ll find there’s a variety of different price points depending on the type of product and the brand. No matter how much you intend to spend, you’ll find the best CBD cream for pain or for skin care that works for you. Some people may prefer a cooling topical CBD cream formula while others prefer a warming formula. We selected these brands because they offer a variety of different CBD products for you to choose from. We want you to have variety and be able to exercise choice, but we don’t want you to be overwhelmed with too many options. Because CBD infused oils do not contain the mind-altering effects of marijuana’s THC, it will not make you high.
We offer the ultimate range of CBD heat topical and CBD cool topicals. Both CBD topicals help to get relief from pain, inflammation, muscle pain etc. There are virtually 20 cannabinoids that can stem from cultivated cannabis. CBD oil has actually been increasingly used due to an idea held by some. It can help control body features such as pain, immune-system responses, and sleep.
Working out is extremely good for your heart health as well as your body. Unfortunately, your muscles may frequently feel stiff and swollen after an intense training session. To manage this problem, it is enough to apply some CBD topical since its anti-inflammatory properties let your muscles recover as soon as you put it on your skin.
More popular hand salves – without the CBD – include brands like Burt’s Bees. CBD salves are like other hand salves, but they comment consommer huile de cbd are usually comprised of CBD and other fatty acids. By infusing its offerings with CBD, Poko Skincare has quickly gained …
But other Redditors were enthusiastic about the benefits of topical CBD products. “CBD has been the only thing that has helped,†wrote onwardtomanagua, who suffers from postherpetic neuralgia, a lingering form of chronic pain that can be caused by shingles. For those looking for relief from aching muscles and joints, CBD topicals are also a popular option. Formulations for these topicals are different, and often contain a secondary ingredient like menthol to help the CBD penetrate deeper into the tissue. The main advantage of CBD topical form is you apply it directly wherever your body needs help.
CBD has many health benefits, but it might be exhausting to determine out how a lot to take. Topicals are supposed to be massaged into the skin, so you’ll apply them on to the affected space. However, you must at all times read the package instructions before making use of. If a product doesn’t give you the results you want, you might think about making an attempt another with completely different ingredients or a special amount of CBD. A quarter-size amount of R+R’s full-spectrum cream delivers roughly 33.33 mg of CBD. It’s made with arnica, calendula flower, and jojoba, with no synthetic fragrances, dyes, or menthol.
CBD cream is a great way to reap the health benefits of cannabidiol through the skin. Besides the easy design, the main difference of our full spectrum CBD Roll-on is the menthol and camphor. These important old ingredients help to comfort the skin for a healthy sensation that sinks in deep into the muscle. Cleansing the skin not only helps remove impurities, but allows products used to tone and moisturise to penetrate deeper. Regular facial cleansing also supports hydration and management of your skin’s pH levels—it is an essential part of any skincare regime. Give your skin the silky smooth feeling it deserves with CBD Skin Oil from Cibdol.
The balm also includes vitamin E and hemp seed oil to keep the skin looking healthy and young. Another great product from Cannuka, this body cream provides excellent all-purpose skincare. The CBD rich lotion can relieve dryness and even help soothe and heal sunburn because of CBD’s anti-inflammatory properties. This anti-blemish cream is formulated with 100mg of CBD in each bottle, and also includes skin-healthy ingredients like green tea extract and pomegranate extract. With a base of aloe leaf and coconut oil, this calming cream is loaded with natural ingredients that nourish and moisturize your skin.
Eï½–ery cеrtainly cá§nsidered one οf our Goddess Sativa merchandise Ñ–Ñ• deeply infused wÑ–th fulâ…¼ spectrum cannabinoid oil, enriching уouг pores and pores and skin with hemp’s pure benefits. Work with renowned skincare and physique care formulator, Vince Spinnato, tо ship уoÕ½r CBD Infused product thought tß‹ fruition. Ƭhese aгe just sοme of the examples ⲟf tһе personalized CBD skincare, magnificence É‘nd beauty merchandise tÒ»at we’rе capable of customized formulate Ñ–n your mannequin.
Ó€t helps prevent itchy skin, Ò»ow long does it take for cbd joint to work cracked pores аnd skin, and dry pores and skin. TÒ»iÑ• is rᥙn topically to tÒ»e partiÑular aгeas á´¡hich migÒ»t be affectеd. These oils incâ…¼ude jojoba oil, Wһаt аre thï½… â…®ifferent Factors to Ϲonsider When Choosing a Topical CBD? These oils are easily absorbed tÒ»rough tÒ»e pores and skin and Ñ–nto tÒ»e physique.
Antioxidant Cbd Face Cream
To cut to the chase, the main advantage that a CBD topical offers over other methods of delivery is targeted relief. Taking CBD in a capsule or under your tongue provides the benefit of systemic support for a number of conditions. Because all cannabis plants produce some amount of CBD, it’s important to note the difference between CBD extracted from marijuana and CBD extracted from hemp. Though molecularly they are identical, the federal government has only legalized CBD that comes from hemp. The trace amounts of THC in full-spectrum CBD products can also be an issue for those who have to take drug tests for work.
Effective Ways You Can Combat Obesity Through Lifestyle Changes
More recently, hemp has gained popularity for its beneficial cannabinoid constituents including CBD. While the flowering tops and leaves of hemp have significant levels of CBD, the hemp stems/stalks and seeds have little to none. Especially good for skiers and other winter sports enthusiasts, this peppermint balm provides immediate, soothing relief to chapped lips as well as long term hydration while reducing inflammation.
Receptra Serious Relief targets irritated areas with a blend of all-natural and organic ingredients to soothe and promote speedy recovery. CBDfx Muscle & Joint topical is a potent, broad spectrum CBD cream that penetrates deep down into muscles and joints. It’s rich in cannabinoids and enhanced with botanical 50mg cbd gummies ingredients like white willow bark, menthol, and caffeine for powerful relief. We are so very excited to deliver these products to our very amazing and loyal customers. CBD Skincare by EndoBloom is a 6-product skincare system made from Colorado’s finest full spectrum hemp extract and ingredients.
Face & Body Cbd Lotion
In fact, along with tetrahydrocannabinol , CBD is one of two main active ingredients in cannabis. Our CBD night cream contains retinol, a form of vitamin A, which is the only proven ingredient to reverse signs of aging and promote collagen production! It is also formulated with collagen and caviar to help plump, soothe, and moisturize the skin. Our unique face serum formula also includes retinol, a derivative of Vitamin A proven to assist in the development of new skin cells and prevention of premature aging, ensuring smooth and glowing skin.
Hemp creams are an excellent option for anyone looking to reduce the frequency at which skin irritations and blemishes occur. The anti-inflammatory effects of CBD can limit the levels of inflammation that can occur on the skin. It is important to make sure that you’re getting high-quality products. All reputable manufacturers will provide this report upon request to post it on their website for everyone to view. It is important that if you decide to use a CBD lotion or oil after bathing with a CBD soap, that you thoroughly dry off before applying the topical. The reason is that excess water on your skin can dilute the CBD or cause it to “drip down†to another area.
Research shows that CBD can soothe itching, blocking the sensation through the nerve endings. CBD has also been shown to effectively treat chronic, treatment-resistant itching. CBD isn’t a total cure for acne, much of which is caused by hormones, but maui wowie delta 10 thc cartridge CBD helps fight the inflammation related to the swelling and redness of acne. Receive updates on new products, special offers, and industry news. Contrary to popular belief, the right oil is actually good for your face and won’t clog your pores.
Does Cbd Improve Mental Health?
I wanted to ask if the Aztec Secret Indian Healing Clay is safe during pregnancy. Also, keep in mind that if you use a CBD tincture , you will be adding the carrier oil of the tincture along with the CBD contained within. Just be aware of these small details as they may change the consistency of your final product. I can’t review their products as they change them over almost monthly and the same scents actually change formulation almost as often.
Its anti-inflammatory benefits along with skin-softening agents will restore and detox your feet, letting you rest and recover for a new day. We’ve identified the top 10 CBD brands that offer a variety of the best CBD creams for you to select from. Whether you’re experiencing the aches and pains that come through in the winter or you are tackling new workouts at the gym, there is a product that will make a massive difference in the way you feel.
Because of this, the cannabidiol market is flooded with various lotions, bath bombs, face creams, and other skincare products. Hemp usually refers again to the plant Cannabis sativa, the seeds of which produce an oil that has been used as an edible and wonder product for roughly three,000 cbd fruchtgummis abnehmen years. The personalized continues properly into the modern age, as many off-the-shelf lotions depend upon hemp seed oil as a key ingredient. CBD oil, nonetheless, usually refers to an oral tincture containing CBD, which is taken sublingually by placing drops beneath the tongue.
I can’t make a blanket statement about auzlene oil as all products are different. There are a few specific flavor profiles that have become entirely synonymous with the holidays, including peppermint and candy canes! These sweet, minty flavors are the perfect treat for those cold winter nights. The only thing better than a fresh candy cane or square of peppermint chocolate is enjoying their flavors in a sleek, convenient CBD product.
In addition to cultivating a craft line of flower, extracts, and concentrates, they also have a lifestyle line of clothing that captures the Oregrown ethos that can be ordered online. Choose from a hat, beanie, windbreaker, jacket, sweatshirt, hoodie, or shirt. CBD helps the ECS in the skin stay in balance, meaning enough hydration and no excess oil, so no more oily T-zone or patchy spots. CBD can block itching in the nerve endings and has been shown to help chronic, treatment-resistant itching. All natural, hint-of-flavor, pure CBD distillate with terpenes for well rounded carts you can truly enjoy. Scrapes are minor wounds caused due to the scrapping of the skin surface.
However, such precautions apply not only to CBD but also to any CBD beauty product. Using CBD topicals is completely safe since no threats of applying it have been discovered. Since products are made from high-quality industrial hemp according to the law, organic CBD products cannot bring any hazard. Besides, such products are free of THC compound that causes mind-altering effects and makes you feel high. There is no need for you to worry about accidentally getting high since that is not what CBD topicals do.
CBD creams let you apply the benefits of the hemp-derived compound to wherever you need it most. Topical CBD products can rejuvenate your skin and soothe sore muscles and joints, provided they’re used the right way. In this guide, we’ll discuss how to use CBD creams to maximize their benefits. You are already at the right place to choose and buy the best CBD topicals for sale.
Our topical oil works efficiently to soothe dry patches of skin, alleviating tightness in the process. Suitable all over the body, it’s never been easier to harness the power of CBD, olive oil, and parfum to give… Start your day with radiant looking skin, thanks to the protective qualities of CBD Day Cream SPF 15 from Cibdol. Expertly formulated, the unique blend of vitamin C, vitamin E, calendula oil, and shea butter nourishes skin, while SPF 15 provides defence against harmful UV rays and pollution….
He suggests testing the product on your forearm once or twice a day and checking for the development of arash. Go ahead and use it on your face to see if it makes a difference for you. If CBD sounds like the answer to your skin woes, it’s helpful to take a step back and look at the bigger picture. Been illegal federally for so long, and it’s been difficult to do research on something that’s previously been considered on par with cocaine or heroin,†says Dellavalle. The 2018 Farm Bill removed hemp from the definition of marijuana, which meant that CBD products were no longer considered like marijuana. A benefit of CBD topicals is that it has been found to have fantastic soothing properties.
Unless you’re using a transdermal formula, the CBD won’t actually penetrate into your bloodstream, which is why this is a localized treatment. Steve’s Goods is a Colorado-based how much is cbd oil at walmart CBD company which has been perfecting its wares since 2016. The company offers a wide range of full spectrum CBD products, sourced from organic, Colorado hemp.
We also checked out shipping prices and return policies to come up with a final score. There are, of course, lots of factors that determine the price of a product. But this a ranking for CBD topicals, so our value comparison is based on the price per milligram of CBD.
You may also find SunMed CBD skin care products are readily available as traditional over-the-counter products. Green tea leaf water and cannabinoids assist cut back irritation of the pores and skin. You’ll make up with glowing, hydrated pores and skin able to face whatever the day brings your method. I put mine in the fridge for an additional refreshing beauty routine expertise.